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Poland’s CRBR: Who Can Access Beneficial-Owner Data?
For international businesses in Poland: who can access CRBR, how to apply for data and what companies must do to avoid reporting and verification...
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Starting a company is just the beginning of the mission. The real challenges begin with growth, capital changes, the entry of an investor, and conflicts among partners.
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Corporate
Business Owner, Check Your PKD!
If your company operates in Poland, check whether its PKD codes reflect the updated classification that entered into...
Corporate
Polish Family Foundation Tax Rules: In-Kind Contributions
For international owners and advisers: understand the competing Polish positions on family-foundation contributions to companies and the stated...
Corporate
Polish Family Foundations: Benefits, Tax and Limits
For families and business owners outside Poland: understand how a Polish family foundation holds assets, plans succession and...
Corporate
Choosing a Polish Business Structure: Company or Branch
For founders outside Poland entering the Polish market: compare a limited liability company, P.S.A. and branch by capital,...
Corporate
Poland’s Holding Regime: Governance and Reporting Duties
For international groups with Polish capital companies: understand the formal group regime, parent oversight, subsidiary reporting and adviser...
Corporate
Shareholder Meetings in a Polish P.S.A.: Rules and Records
For international founders and shareholders in a Polish P.S.A.: learn the meeting notice, voting, resolution and minutes requirements...
Corporate
Polish Joint-Stock Company: Formation to Liquidation
For founders and investors involved in a Polish joint-stock company, this guide explains formation, share capital, governance, KRS...
Corporate
Closing a Polish Simple Joint-Stock Company (P.S.A.)
The introduction of the Prosta Spółka Akcyjna was a small revolution in the Polish “system” of companies. It...
Corporate
Poland’s Holding Law: Minority Buyouts and Audit Rights
In October 2022, new rules known as holding law entered into force. The legislature introduced rules governing relations...